Reducing the Impact of Natural Disasters - 868 Words

Natural Disasters are unfortunate events that can occur at any moment, anywhere in the world and have a huge effect on the landscape and the society being hit. Natural Disasters can occur due to the many natural causes such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, cyclones, landslides or due to some man-made causes such as forest fires or the use of nuclear weapons. Civil Engineering structures such as buildings, bridges, roads, dams, reservoirs, levees and other structures are severely damaged by natural disasters, natural disasters can be costly both in terms of human lives and financially. Although prevention of natural disasters is impossible, reducing the impact natural disasters have on structures can negate the overall effect it has on the everyday human life. Natural Disasters are a great way of identifying mistakes made in the development of civil engineering structures and an essential way to learn and prepare for future natural disasters. If the lessons learned from n atural disasters are utilized, the catastrophic effects of such events can be reduced in the future. The majority of damage done during natural disasters is form the improper planning of cities, improper structural design, lack of site investigations, poor quality control at construction sites, and lack of coordination between the various agencies involved in a project. Civil Engineering design codes and safety standards have evolved over the years to incorporate lessons learned from past naturalShow MoreRelatedHow Are Natural Disasters Socially Constructed? Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesWith reference to various examples, discuss how ‘natural’ disasters are socially constructed. While natural disasters such as floods, drought and hurricanes are commonly thought to occur due to environmental forces such as weather, climate and tectonic movements; a deeper investigation into the ‘disaster’ displays other contributing forces. Human factors have a large, if not equal, contribution to the occurrance and outcome of such disasters (Pelling, 2001). As Pelling (2001) argues, there isRead MoreThe Prevention Of Natural Disasters1742 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The prevention of natural disasters and reducing their impact is a one of the twenty issues considered the most important and urgent global issues in the 21 century. This issue increases and causes great suffer to the level that the global procedures to reduce disasters must to be done†¦ the repetition of the disasters has forced it to be a responsibility of international community† J.F. Richard (2002) High Noon: Twenty Global Issues, Twenty Years to Solve Them. People’s well-being is influencedRead MoreThe Importance Of Artificial Disasters1206 Words   |  5 PagesNatural and artificial disasters have always posed a threat to the development of countries across the world. In that regard, different governments have already established strategies that can be implemented to deal effectively with the disasters, which occur. It has been observed that the developing countries are slightly behind than the developed ones regarding dealing effectively with the disasters that occur abruptly. When a disaster occurs, the priority is to reduce the vulnerability of peopleRead MoreThe Climate Disaster Is Inevitable Or Not?896 Words   |  4 PagesThe climate disaster is the social construction that world population have been embedded this idea through one generation to another generation in society. Actually, it seems like the long-lasting issue for not only regional level but also global level. Several studies might have demonstrated the causes and significant impacts of climate crisis. It is still popular argument in society, whether the climate disaster is currently inevitable or not. If it already occurred, what are the main factors?Read MoreThe Importance Of Hazards931 Words   |  4 Pagessources such as natural (e.g. hydrological, climatological, oceanic, meteorological and geological) and man-made (e.g. political and technological). When both the intensity and frequency of hazardous events are on the rise, the capacity of developing countries to reduce their vulnerability to catastrophic events and point of confinement their financial presentation is turning into a priority. When disaster strike, nations with limited economic resilience not only suffered from the impacts on the humanRead MoreThe Importance of The United Nations Strategy for Disaster Reduction593 Words   |  3 PagesDisaster risk reduction is a systematic approach in recognizing and reducing the risks of disasters. According to the UNISDR or the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, â€Å"The conceptual framework of elements considered with the possibilities to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout the society, to avoid or to limit the adverse impacts of hazards, within the broad context of sustainable development.† The capital of the Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama is where theRead MoreDisaster Recovery Process660 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Natural disasters, as well as other traumatic events, can turn the world upside down hence shattering a person sense of security. An aftermath of an earthquake necessitate taking steps with an aim of restoring safety and wellbeing to make a make a tremendous difference. In a school setting, natural disasters such as an earthquake have a profound influence students, teachers, and their families. This s because the experience leads to widespread property destruction and monetary lossRead MoreMozambique Is A Poor Country Essay1599 Words   |  7 PagesMozambique has a ‘high level of food insecurity, like many other countries in Africa, putting individuals, families and communities at risk. Some major factors in Mozambique that affect its food security are poor agriculture, the occurrence of natural disasters, and the presence of diseases particularly HIV and AIDS. Along with many other minor contributors such as food prices, urban migration, and pollution of surface and coastal waters. Background Mozambique is one of the world s poorest countriesRead MoreWhat is a Disaster?888 Words   |  3 PagesThe word disaster derives its literal meaning from the French word â€Å"Desastre†, a combination of two words ‘des’ meaning bad and ‘aster’ meaning star, thus the term refers to ‘Bad or Evil star . However, it has also been defined as â€Å"any disruption of normal social and economic activity due to natural or other causes that results in widespread or severe damage, injury and/or loss of life or property† . Disasters are also defined as â€Å"a crisis situation causing wide spread damage which far exceed ourRead MoreMonitoring Our Home Planet1407 Words   |  6 Pagespaper is being submitted in details the effect that natural disaster has on the planet Earth. Analyzing the impact of potential natural disasters on: geography, resources, politics, economics, and disaster preparedness and how to monitor the future natural disasters. Monitoring Our Home Planet Natural Disaster has a major impact on the inhabitants that live on the planet Earth. A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples include floods

Language Techniques in Hamlet by William Shakespeare Essay

Language Techniques in Hamlet by William Shakespeare Shakespeare used a variety of language techniques throughout Hamlet, which contribute to the themes in the play. They also help to add more meaning and understanding for the audience. Soliloquies, word play, symbols and other figurative language are some of these important techniques that enhance Hamlet. The way Shakespeare switches from bank verse to prose with each character shows his mastery of the language. Imagery of poison, decay and disease are used by Shakespeare to represent the themes of illness, corruption and rottenness. The language is varied and†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous tears/†¦ She married. O! most wicked speed, to post/ With such dexterity to incestuous sheets.†( Act I.ii.154-57) Through his soliloquies, audience soon realise Hamlet is loosing all of his will to live. The soliloquies include many metaphors that bring together many of the themes in Hamlet. One of these themes includes Hamlet’s hesitation of his actions and his decision of whether he should give up on life. He metaphorically compares the problems of his life to â€Å"The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune† and â€Å"sea of troubles†( Act III.i.58-9). This use of metaphor shows how Shakespeare used language to express themes. Along with suicide, come the themes of revenge and Hamlet’s obsession with death and the afterlife. Hamlet metaphorically compares death to sleep and to an undiscovered country, wondering â€Å"For in that sleep of death what dreams may come.† (Act III.i.66). He is afraid to commit suicide, as he doesn’t know what awaits him. Another theme is Hamlet’s depression of which makes Hamlet believe that life is just full of suffering. He uses the metaphor â€Å"Yea, from the table of my memory/ I’ll wipe away all trivial, fond records..†( Act II.v.105-6) showing how he wants to erase his memory because everyone has betrayed him. This contributes to Hamlet’s depression. â€Å"Lay not that flattering unction to your soul/†¦ItShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And The English Language1649 Words   |  7 Pagesactor and dramatist, William Shakespeare is one of the most influential and greatest writers up to this day in poetry and the English language. Known, for his many acclaimed works such as his famous plays, â€Å"Othello,† â€Å"King Lear,† and â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† etc. More than four hundred years have passed and William Shakespeare’s work still alive as if it was during the early ages of Shakespeare work. Shakespeare influenced ranges from literature, theater, films and even the English language. Especially, nowRead MoreAnalysis Of The Structure Hamlet 1233 Words   |  5 PagesStability, Sanity, and Structur e (Analysis of the structure in Shakespeare’s Hamlet) Structure is in our lives all around us; we see it in work lives, our home lives, in our owe bodies, and even more so in the curriculum that kids are learning at school. Structure, in all aspects, is constructed according to a plan. It gives a sense of assembly and backbone to whatever we are looking at. We see structure is in the information students are attaining at school, especially in the literary sense. ManyRead MoreReflection Paper1011 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, Ophelia says, â€Å"We know what we are, but know not what we may be.† This quote confused me for the longest time. At a young age, I was always immersed in reading throughout my life but I also limited myself to what I read. Books that I fancied to read were related to mythologies. It was not until high school that I decided to broaden my horizon when it came to reading books. During my junior year, at Bahrain High School, I was looking for a class to finishRead More Hamle t Essay examples607 Words   |  3 PagesHamlet Hamlet Critique Hamlet, a play by William Shakespeare, was written in approximately the middle to late 1590s, while Shakespeares work was flourishing, and his company was putting up the Globe Theater. Shakespeare was a profound writer, and Hamlet is considered to be his most prolific writing, and is a favorite among the readers. It is a tragic tale of conspiracy, death, disease, and a young mans struggle to avenge his fathers murder. I would like to set apart Hamlet from theRead More Early Modern English Exemplified in Shakespeares Hamlet, Act V Scene 11427 Words   |  6 PagesEarly Modern English Exemplified in Shakespeares Hamlet, Act V Scene 1 The period of Early Modern English occurred from approximately Fifteen Hundred to some time between Sixteen Fifty and Sixteen Seventy. While this period was characterized mostly by the translation of texts from other languages into English, the language saw its first prominent writer in William Shakespeare contribute works of literary significance to the world. Hamlet Prince of Denmark, in its abbreviated, performed versionRead More Insanity in Hamlet1565 Words   |  7 PagesHamlet: A look Inside the Insanity Many people have seen Hamlet as a play about uncertainty and about Hamlets failure to act appropriately. It is very interesting to consider that the play shows many uncertainties that lives are built upon, or how many unknown quantities are taken for granted when people act or when they evaluate one anothers actions. Hamlet is an especially intriguing production, both on the set and on the screen because of its uniqueness to be different from what most peopleRead MoreEssay about The Tragedy of William Shakespeares Hamlet568 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragedy of William Shakespeares Hamlet It seems that in this merciless mourning, I have opened a tomb. And though my sight be of seeing, it is not as it once was. For what I see is not with thine own eyes. It is as death appears to those awake. A coldness, an emptiness, that I cannot forsake. Hope Saphos DeVenuto A melody in literature is a language that Shakespeare uses freely in Hamlet with infinite variety. The imagery relates to us to create to the senses a realization ofRead MoreSpeech on Hamlet869 Words   |  4 Pagesthe composer’s perspectives and language of the play. †¢ William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is an example of how ideas are raised over time, as the literature itself remains the same. †¢ The unraveling plot of Hamlet depicts morality and philosophy as themes that are illustrated through dramatic and romanticized techniques. †¢ Shakespeare’s literary ideas have continued over time prominently, and new ideas have been raised through audiences’ perspectives, with Hamlet as a figure of this. Read MoreHSC English Advanced Course Module B: Critical Study of Texts1532 Words   |  6 Pages6 Prescribed Text: Shakespearean Drama SHAKESPEARE, William, Hamlet, New Cambridge Shakespeare, Cambridge University Press, 2003; or Cambridge School Shakespeare, 2006) Duration: 8 weeks Syllabus Outcome: H1: A student explains and evaluates the effects of different contexts of responders and composers on texts. H2A: A student recognises different ways in which particular texts are valued. H4: A student explains and analyses the ways in which language forms and features, and structures of textsRead MoreAct 1 as an Effective Opening to Hamlet by William Shakespeare987 Words   |  4 PagesOpening to Hamlet by William Shakespeare The play Hamlet is a dramatic love story written by William Shakespeare. It is set in the late sixteenth century. Most scenes take place in the grounds of the Danish castle at Elsinore. The play has many characters, and the main ones are members of the royal family or were close to them. It is a very long, complicated story that twists into a tragic end. The main characters are Hamlet, Gertrude, Claudius, King Hamlet, Polonious

Poetry Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Poetry Argumentative Essay Based on the picture surrounding this poem, which Is a mirror, I predict this poem will be about external beauty and the concept of beauty only being skin deep. Based on the title of this poem, I predict this poem will be about similar peoples stories and how they handle their situations in similar manners. The type of poem I think ITIL be is an observational and descriptive poem. I predict this because I think the author is going to use a lot of descriptive sentences about the characters because of the mirror being the picture with this poem. The closing lines of the poem are also ironic in their sarcastic tauter. The duty of the boys is to clean chimney which was a very dangerous Job on many levels. Children frequently died of suffocation inside the chimneys and were exposed to soot that contained carcinogenic elements (Schuster 21). By performing their duty as chimney sweeps, the boys had many reason to fear harm. The irony of duty in the last line of the poem can also be expanded to the failure of those that owed a duty to the child. The boys father failed to provide and care for him after the death of his mother and sold him to the chimney sweepers (Blake 520). One can also lean from the poem that the chimney sweep masters do not perform their duty to care for their wards and treat children poorly forcing them to sleep in soot and work long hours (Blake 520). The speaker is introduced to the reader as a very young child sold into servitude by his father after the death of his mother (Blake 520). The speaker of the poem is never named but speaks with the voice of youth and innocence. While the speakers actual spoken words in the poem are generally positive and optimistic, they stand in stark contrast to the underlying voice of condemnation of child labor offered by Blake himself that come through the words of he poem. The use of the childs voice as narrator by Blake gives the poem as an overall tone of sadness at as the boy losses his childhood and its accompanying innocence. The poem also contains a dream sequence filled with imagery and iron The dream, had by another chimney sweeper Tom Dare is relayed and then told b the speaker. In the dream, the boy sees many chimney sweepers locked up in coffin of black (Blake 520). This is an allusion to both the coffin like confines of the chimneys, often only nine inches wide (Schuster 21), that the children are forced t sweep and to the actual coffins many child chimney sweepers end up in. The angel that frees the boys from their coffins is both a literal and figurative angel. Figuratively, the angels to the boys would be the charity workers and child labor law reform seekers that would rescue them from their state of servitude. Literally, the angel is there to greet the dead boys in the afterlife and welcome them to Heaven where they are finally free to be children. The dream shows also encompasses iron in the Joy and happiness that the young children experience being able to finally bathe. Although the angel promises Tom that if he behaves well he would have Go or his father, and never want JOY (Blake 520) there is a certain sadness in the angel promise as chimney sweeper comes to the realization that death is the only thing that will bring true freedom. Analysis of Poetic Justice EssayThe speakers loss of innocence is complete with this realization. Blake uses irony throughout the poem in several ways to present the plight of child chimney sweepers. The use of irony to contrast the harsh realities of life for child laborers and the voice of childhood innocence is powerful and moving. The poem is not Just a poem about a young chimney sweeper but a public address ND condemnation of the practice of forced servitude that exploits children in such deadly way. Reference List Blake, William. The Chimney Sweeper Literature An Introductions to Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Writing. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Tioga Deed. New York: Pearson, 2013. 520. Print. Schuster, Sheila. An Analysis of Childhood and Child Labor in Charles Dickens Works: David Copperfield and Oliver Twist. Hamburg: Anchor Academic publishing, 2014. 21, 22. Web. Poetry Essay Outline The Chimney Sweeper by William Blake Introduction Thesis statement Through the voice of innocence in The Chimney Sweeper, William Blake uses irony to shine a light on the treatment and horrid conditions of child chimney sweepers. Irony weep! Weep! Weep! Weep! Instead of sweep Irony of duty (parents failed in their duty to take care of their children and now the children must do their duty by working as chimney sweepers. Reader can also glean that the children are not well taken care of by their owners/employers. Not fear harm chimney sweeping was dangerous work for children and posed health hazards (Find source to support this). Speaker Speaker in the poem is a young, innocent, orphan child sold the chimney sweepers F lakes voice comes through to tell the reader that he condemns the treatment of child chimney sweepers and their certain early death. Loss of childhood innocence, not being allowed to be child and taken care of. Forced into servitude. Tone conveys certain sadness for the childrens situation and Flakes compassion for them. Dream Tom Dare, another innocent child chimney sweeper has a dream Boys are in coffins opened by the Angel Boys are clean, in a fresh green beautiful field Boys are free to laugh and play. Speakers realization that the boys will only be really free in death, most likely an early death. Conclusion.

Sex Slavery in India

Introduction India is an Asian country with an emerging economy and a population slightly hovering over one billion people. Despite posting impressive economic growth figures, a large section of the population still lives under the poverty line. Additionally, the country has high incidences of social ills mainly brought by its unique demographic trends and sometimes failure or laxity of law enforcement.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sex Slavery in India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the social ills affecting the Indian society is human trafficking especially for sex slavery. Sex trafficking which involves coerced recruitment, transportation transfer and receipt of men people for sexual exploitation propagates sexual slavery1. Sexual slavery can be defined as situations where unwilling people (both men and women) are forced to sexual exploitation for low or no pay at all. Sexual slavery arises when some people have the right of ownership over others and induce repeated sexual abuse, rape and forced performance of sexual acts on other people. Various organizations including the international Organization for Immigration and UNICEF estimate the number of individuals involved in sexual slavery to range between 400,000 to 1.75 million2. Sex Slavery in India Asia has been identified as one of the trouble spots as far as human trafficking is concerned. The US State Department considers India a source, transit point and destination of sex trafficking victims in Asia and the world. The Supreme Court of India famously declared in the year 2010 that the country was becoming a hub for child trafficking and prostitution and urged urgent measures to curb the vice. The government of India through the Ministry of Women and Child Development estimated in 2007 that the country had about 3 million sex workers with approximately 35% of them aged below 18 years3. According to authorities an d international organizations such as the UN, human trafficking for sexual exploitation in India is mainly internal with the country low income and lower cast communities providing the major source of victims.Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the country, there is major trafficking ring of women and young girls trafficked within the country mainly for sexual exploitation. Most of these sex slaves work in the tourism industry in the country with major town and cities acting as the hub of sex tourism. Surprisingly, authorities and nongovernmental organizations concur that sex slavery in India does take place within the confines of religious pilgrimage in centers such as Tirupati and Puri4. There is an intricate connection between the prostitution cartels operating in the country especially, Nepal and Thailand. While a good number of girls are kidnapped and forced to pros titution, a large number from north eastern India are normally duped with promises of regular and high paying jobs in larger cities only to end up in forced commercial sex work5. Additionally, some of the men and women especially in Tamil Nadu are trafficked out of India through fraudulent employment bureaus that mainly send them to Middle East where they end up as sex slaves. The presence of Maoist rebels in neighboring Nepal exacerbates the problem as the group operates a well established cartel that operates brothels in India to source funds for their operations. According to NGO sources, as many as 200 thousand girls have been trafficked from Nepal to India’s red light district with the rate being 5000 girls annually whose ages range ages between 10-12 years6. Indian Authorities’ approach to Sex Slavery The Indian government acknowledges the existence of human trafficking in the country and forced sexual exploitation as a rampant problem. Many government officials also admit that compliance by to the government to the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking have been below par. According to the US State Department, government response to sex trafficking in India has not demonstrated sufficient progress and there are concerns with law enforcement, protection and prevention efforts that have been put in place.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sex Slavery in India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Notably, the government admits that there have been few convictions of the real people behind human sex trafficking and most of the raids on brothels and other trafficking hot spots are mainly masterminded by concerned nongovernmental organizations. Additionally, there are fewer shelters for rescued sex slave victims and those that have been set up are of poor quality. Some officials acknowledge that corruption is a major hindrance in the fight against sex slave ry in the country. It is an open secret that some officials are complicit to the prostitution cartels as they receive payouts to allow their illegal operations. On the other hand however, there has been some progress in the fight against sex slavery in India especially through the Immoral Trafficking Prevention Act (ITPA) with a string of raids, arrest and convictions masterminds of sex slaves. It is important to note that most of these raids are however initiated by NGO and assisted by police. There is consensus that sex slavery is rampant in the country and perceived laxity by authorities is exacerbating the situation. It is therefore necessary that the government puts in place comprehensive measures to curb the vice which infringes on basic human rights and mainly disadvantages women and children. Bibliography Kara, Siddharth. Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery. New Delhi: McMillan Publishers, 2010. Kirkham, George, and Territo, Leornard. International Sex Tra fficking of Women Children: Understanding the Global Epidemic. London: Sage Publications, 2009. Kunjakkan, KA. Feminism and Indian realities. New Delhi: Thomson Learning, 2002.Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Manian, Sabita, and McCabe, Kimberly. Sex trafficking: a global perspective. New York: Cengage Learning, 2010. Footnotes 1 Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery, New Delhi: McMillan Publishers, 2010, pp. 90-104. 2 Sabita Manian and Kimberly McCabe, Sex trafficking: a global perspective, New York: Cengage Learning, 2010, P. 99. 3 Sabita Manian and Kimberly McCabe, Sex trafficking: a global perspective, New York: Cengage Learning, 2010, P. 99. 4 KA Kunjakkan, Feminism and Indian realities, New Delhi: Thomson Learning, 2002, P. 53. 5 Sabita Manian and Kimberly McCabe, Sex trafficking: a global perspective, New York: Cengage Learning, 2010, P. 101. 6 George Kirkham and Leornard Territo, International Sex Trafficking of Women Children: Understanding the Global Epidemic. London: Sage Publiocations, 2009, p. 264. This research paper on Sex Slavery in India was written and submitted by user Damari Herman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Significance of Fate and destiny in Two Novels essays

The Significance of Fate and destiny in Two Novels essays Topic: The significance of fate and destiny in the outcome of the main characters in Oedipus and Fathers and Sons Fate and destiny possess enormous importance in the outcome and change of the traits of all characters in a novel, especially the main characters. Sophocles and Ivan Turgenev novels both stress a lot on the significance of fate and destiny, increasing the degree of intrigue in the plot. In Sophocles Oedipus Rex and Turgenevs Fathers and Sons the theme of fate and destiny is very evident and contributes a great deal to the outcome of the main characters. In Sophocles Oedipus Rex, the main character, Oedipus, the king of Thebes, an excessively proud man, who continuously tries to escape the destiny and the fate that has been set for him. Throughout the novel there is constant foreshadowing about what would become of him and what events should occur throughout his life. Teirasias, a blind prophet, and Delphi, a fortune teller, both tell him that he will kill his father and marry his mother. In both cases Oedipus refuses to accept is in denial of his true life. Another event that shows foreshadowing of Oedipus life is when a drunken man calls him a bastard. There are also elements of irony in this play. When there is a plague on Thebes, Oedipus insisted on finding out what caused this. He later finds out that the murderer of king Laius, his real father, must be found in order to end this plague. This leads Oedipus to pledge to find this murderer and send that person to exile, even if it is someone close to him. This incident portrays the irony used by Sophocles; for the murderer is in reality Oedipus himself. Another use of irony is when Oedipus calls Teirasias a blind fool. Oedipus is metaphorically blind, even though his eyes can see. Even after all the prophecies and incidents, he refuses to acknowledge the fact that he is the murderer of his father Laius, and the husband of his own mothe...

90 Idioms About Tools

90 Idioms About Tools 90 Idioms About Tools 90 Idioms About Tools By Mark Nichol Hand tools have inspired a tool box full of metaphorical words and expressions. Here’s a list of many of those handy idioms. 1–5. angry/mad enough to chew nails/spit nails or ready to eat nails: enraged 6–7. another/final nail in the coffin: one of/the last of multiple factors that contribute to a failure 8–9. ax: a guitar or other instrument a musician might play while making a chopping motion (noun), or fire, reduce, remove, or terminate (verb) 10. ax to grind: grudge or motive 11. bed of nails: difficult or unpleasant situation 12. between the hammer and the anvil: facing a dilemma 13. bury the hatchet: end a dispute or feud 14. chisel (someone) out of: cheat to get something away from someone 15: chisel in: deceive or manipulate to get a share of something 16: chiseled: toned or well defined (as in facial features or body) 17. clamp down: impose controls or restrictions 18–19. coffin nail/coffin tack: a cigarette (or, rarely, a drink of liquor) 20. crowbar: insert or remove with force 21. drill: hit or propel with force 22. drill down: investigate or get to the root of 23. for want of a nail: abbreviation of a proverb illustrating that the lack of an insignificant part can have significant consequences for the whole 24–25. hammer (something) out: argue or negotiate toward an agreement, or play a piano loudly 26. hammer and tongs: with great determination and energy (as in â€Å"going at it hammer and tongs†) 27. hammer away: discuss something excessively or tediously 28. hammer home: press a point 29–30. hammer: a vehicle’s accelerator (noun), or do something with great force or persistence (verb, as in â€Å"I tried to hammer it into his thick skull†) 31. hard as nails: unfeeling or unsympathetic 32–33. has a screw loose/with a loose screw: is eccentric, mentally unbalanced, or strange/has eccentricities or is mentally unbalanced or strange 34. has one’s head screwed on right: is capable or sensible 35. hit the nail on the head: be accurate or right, or explain perceptively 36–37. nail: arrest or identify (or have sex with, but this sense is vulgar) 38. nail (one’s) colors to the mast: express opinion publicly (from the idea of attaching a flag to a ship’s mast to identify one’s national origin) 39. nail (something) down: agree on or accomplish something 40. nail (someone’s) ears back: severely scold someone 41–43. nail (someone)/nail (someone’s) hide to the wall, or nail (someone) to a cross: see â€Å"nail (someone’s) ears back† 44–45. nail (something) down: discover, or make certain or final or win decisively 46–49. nail Jell-O/jelly to a tree/the wall: try something futile (akin to â€Å"herd cats†) 50–51. on the nail: in full (as in â€Å"pay on the nail†), or under discussion (both British English) 52–53. put a wrench/monkey wrench into: disrupt or sabotage (the British English term is spanner) 54. put a nail in the coffin of (something): cause something to end or stop 55. put the hammer down: accelerate a vehicle 56–57. put/tighten the screws on (someone): pressure or threaten someone, or make something more difficult for someone 58. saw away at: move one’s arms as if in a sawing motion 59. saw wood: snore loudly 60. sawed off: short (said of a diminutive person or a shotgun with part of the barrel removed) 61–64. screw: cheat or deceive, or a jailer (also, copulate, or someone to copulate with, but these senses are vulgar) 65–66. screw around/off: waste time or act aimlessly 67–70. screw (someone) around/screw around with (someone): bother or harass (â€Å"screw around with (someone)† also means â€Å"copulate with† or â€Å"be promiscuous,† but these senses are vulgar) 71. screw around with (something): fiddle or play with 72. screw (one’s) courage to the sticking place: have courage or resolution 73. screw (someone) out of: cheat or deceive to deprive someone of something 74–75. screw (one) over: betray, or see â€Å"nail (one’s) ears back† 76. screw the pooch: make a significant mistake (vulgar) 77. screw up: make a mistake 78. screw up (one’s) courage: force (oneself) to be brave 79. screw up (one’s) face: make an unpleasant expression 80. screwed: in trouble 81–82. screwed up: made a mistake (verb phrase), or flawed or ruined (adjective) 83. take a hammering: suffer a severe attack or loss 84. tool: an unlikeable or easily deceived person 85. tool around: drive quickly but aimlessly 86. tools of the trade: whatever is associated with, or required to do, a job 87. tough as nails: determined 88. turn of the screw: an action that worsens a bad situation 89. under the hammer: for sale (alluding to an auctioneer’s hammer) 90. wrench: mechanic Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?34 Writing Tips That Will Make You a Better WriterHow to Address Your Elders, Your Doctor, Young Children... and Your CEO

Core Competencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Core Competencies - Essay Example Besides the involvement of the health care professionals and the patient, the strategy may extend to the close family members to secure benefits to the ailing individuals. Several adjustments take place in the nursing profession to aid the success of the patient-centered care. Dissemination of information to the patients forms the primary strategy that aims to improve the patient-centered care. Educating the patient and the family members about a particular ailment is vital in improving care; an informed patient is in a position to make sound decisions about the treatment regimen they prefer (Constand, McDermind, Bello-Haas & Law, 2015). Availing information to the patient takes place through printed and electronic media and help in the participation of the patients in the management of their conditions. The current second trend that enhances the patient-centered care is participation and collaboration. The medical professionals accord the patients the opportunity to give their views on the preferred treatment regimen for a given conditions (Ronedo & Marston, 2015). The involvement of the patients gives the medical professionals the opportunity to have an understanding of the requirements for each patient. The patients have the chance to weigh in on their conditions and the treatment intervention they need. Mutual decision-making characteristic of patient-centered care is on the rise due to its confirmed benefits. It enhances the relationship between the nurses and the patient that translates to improved care. Another strategy tailored at improving patient-centered care is proper communication. Practicing nurses have the obligation of ensuring that the medium used for communication with the patients provide  affectivity and clarity (Constand et al., 2015). The type of communication addresses the needs and preferences of the patients. In some instances, where cases of language barriers exist, a translator may

Stochastic finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stochastic finance - Assignment Example (a) The data used in this question has been obtained from Yahoo Finance (EODData.com.) and the companies considered are; AMERICAN AIRLINES GROUP INC, RADIAN GROUP INC and PHARMATHENE INC. These three companies trade in stocks and are listed in National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASQAD), New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and American Stock Exchange (AMEX) respectively. To analyze the changing trend in stock prices, I have considered daily closing stock prices for each of the three companies listed above and extracted a 30 day information ending 12th May 2015 (see excel work book; sheet 1) (b) Sheet 1 of the excel work book shows the calculations for the logarithmic changes in the daily closing stock prices for each of the three listed companies in their respective stock markets. The table in the appendix section has the results to these calculations. A 30 day result is considered. The curve shown in the graph above clearly indicates the performance in the stock markets for the American company. The daily closing stock prices for American Airlines Group Inc, a company in the NASQAD markets tends to be stable by showing a regular drop in stock prices over the first few weeks. The growth rate however tends to shoot and hitting its maximum of $52.71 after which the drop is drastic and reaches its minimum of $47.01 before picking up gradually towards the end of the six week period. These changes in daily closing stock prices for American Airlines Group Inc are concentrated around its mean stock price of $49.13 and hence a normal distribution. Compared to the American Airlines Group Inc, the trend in Radian Group Inc, listed in NYSE, is a steady upward growth for stock prices for the first days within the analysis period. The price then changes the growth pattern suddenly and hits its highest of $18.45 before reducing to $16.7; the least price during the period. Stability in growth around the mean price of

The Story of the Stuff by Annie Leonard Essay Example for Free

The Story of the Stuff by Annie Leonard Essay The Story of the Stuff which is made by Annie Leonard was very interesting and enlightening. It made me realize that no matter how small the stuffs we use in our everyday life, it should not be taken for granted because the economic system is in crisis and we cant continue to run on a linear system since we live on a planet of limited resources. People become obsessed with consumerism, especially when it comes to new technologies. Things that we buy and then discard go through different phases: extraction, production, distribution, consumption and disposal. Corporations have become bigger than our government and the first limit to the system is exploitation of our natural resources. We are consuming products to the point where 1/3 of our natural resources are already used up with 30% of our waste being shipped to other areas of the world. Due to these instances, almost all of our forest have already been cut down, and yet this corporations who still wants to cut them have no â€Å"corporate environmental responsibility†, what they want is always earning more profit. They should think that if all the resources in earth runs out, even money can’t revert the damage they have done to these non-renewable resources. Also they can’t already buy these resources from the over-exploited third world countries. Yet the government hasn’t done enough actions to address these problems. I find it appalling and irresponsible of our government. Maybe just maybe they are doing actions or made rules and regulations to minimize these occurrences but still it wouldn’t be enough since corporations can lend money to those corrupt officials whose minds are obsessed with money then poof, the corporations will continue its operations. It is not merely the fault of the corporations or the government, each indiv iduals also contributed on consuming the limited resources the earth have. In today’s time, consumers has become the new evil of the society, consumption has turned from necessity to excessiveness. Through planned and perceived obsolescence we have turned against everyone including ourselves. Consumerism led to tremendous increase in the variety of products. Each product life cycle from raw material extraction to its consumption has an  effect on the ecosystem as a whole. For example, due to toxics like dioxins and furans, there is change in the atmosphere thus affecting both flora and fauna of our planet. To cater to this growing hunger, production house does not maintain any standards in the degradation of human, social and economic capital. Rather than playing the role as a regulator, the governments are playing the role as a promoter. But there is a way forward, we and planet are complimentary not supplementary. We should start focusing on closed production loop, renewable energy, zero waste. Sustainable development is the way forward for sustainable life. We cant just start fresh with a whole new system, however I believe we can take the current system and revamp it in a way that we become more responsible as consumers and citizens. We need to take back our government and unite to see the big picture. By unity we create equity, boost our local living economies and promote sustainability!

Free College Essays - The Noble Othello in Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Othello

The Noble Othello This character is so noble, Othello's feelings and actions follow so inevitably from it and from the forces brought to bear on it, and his sufferings are so heart-rending, that he stirs a passion of mingled love and pity which readers feel for no other hero in Shakespeare, and to which not even Mr Swinburne can do more than justice. Yet there are some critics and not a few readers who cherish a grudge against him. They do not merely think that in the later stages of his temptation he showed a certain obtuseness, and that, to speak pedantically, he acted with unjustifiable precipitance and violence; no one, I suppose, denies that. But, even when they admit that he was not of a jealous temper, they consider that he was "easily jealous"; they seem to think that it was inexcusable in him to feel any suspicion of his wife at all; and they blame him for never suspecting Iago or asking him for evidence. I refer to this attitude of mind chiefly in order to draw attention to certain points in the story. It comes partly from inattention (for Othello did suspect Iago and did ask him for evidence); partly from a misconstruction of the text which makes Othello appear jealous long before he really is so; [Endnote 2] and partly from failure to realise certain essential facts. I will begin with these. 1. Othello, we have seen, was trustful, and thorough in his trust. He put entire confidence in the honesty of Iago, who had not only been his companion in arms, but, as he believed, had just proved his faithfulness in the matter of the marriage. This confidence was misplaced, and we happen to know it; but it was no sign of stupidity in Othello. For his opinion of Iago was the opinion of practically everyone who knew him: and that opinion was that Iago was before all things "honest", his very faults being those of excess in honesty. This being so, even if Othello had not been trustful and simple, it would have been quite unnatural in him to be unmoved by the warnings of so honest a friend, warnings offered with extreme reluctance and manifestly from a friend's sense of duty. [Endnote 3] Any husband would have been troubled by them. 2. Iago does not bring these warnings to a husband who had lived with a wife for months and years and knew her like his sister or his bosom-friend.

Imagination in Romantic Poetry Essay

A large part of those extracts on Romantic imagination – which are contained in the fascicule on pages D64 and D65 – are strictly related to an ancient theory about Art and Reality’s imitation, the Theory of Forms concieved by a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician Plato – in Greek: ÃŽ  ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¬Ãâ€žÃâ€°ÃŽ ½, Plà ¡tÃ… n, â€Å"broad†; from 424/423 BC to 348/347 BC. The Theory of Forms – in Greek: á ¼ °ÃŽ ´ÃŽ ­ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ¹ – typically refers to the belief expressed by Socrates in some of Plato’s dialogues, that the material world as it seems to us is not the real world, but only an image or copy of the real world. Socrates spoke of forms in formulating a solution to the problem of universals. The forms, according to Socrates, are roughly speaking archetypes or abstract representations of the many types of things, and properties we feel and see around us, that can only be perceived by reason – in Greek: ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ºÃŽ ® – that is, they are universals. In other words, Socrates sometimes seems to recognise two worlds: the Apparent world, which constantly changes, and an unchanging and unseen world of forms, which may be a cause of what is apparent. This theory is proposed in different ways in Blake’s, Coleridge’s Shelley’s extracts. The former says that â€Å"This world of Imagination is the world of Eternity† (A Vision of the Last Judgement, 1810) a place which resembles to a sort of otherworldly realm where â€Å"Exist [†¦] the Permanent Realities of Every Thing (the Form) which we see reflected in this Vegetable Glass of Nature (the Apparent world)†. A similar thing is exposed by Samuel Coleridge an english romantic poet who divides Imagination in Primary and Secondary. The former is â€Å"the living Power and prime Agent of all human Perception, and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation in the infinite†, the latter is an echo of the former who â€Å"diss olves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to re-create† (Biographia Literaria, 1817) a thing which is totally different from Fancy. Even in Shelley the poetry is presented as â€Å"something of divine [†¦] not like reasoning† (A Defence of Poetry, 1821) which beholds as the poet, the present, the past, and the future. In Keats and Wordsworth the poetry became â€Å"the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings [originating] from emotion recollected in tranquillity† (Preface to Lyrical Ballads) and the poet â€Å"the most unpoetical of any thing in existence; because he has no Identity† (A Letter to Richard Woodhouse, October 27th 1818). So Art is imitation, a feature of both of Plato’s theories. In the Republic, Plato says that art imitates the objects and events of ordinary life. In other words, a work of art is a copy of a copy of a Form. It is even more of an illusion than is ordinary experience. On this theory, works of art are at best entertainment, and at worst a delusion. This theory actually appears in Plato’s short early dialogue, the Ion. Socrates is questioning a poet named Ion, who recites Homer’s poetry brilliantly but is no good at reciting anything else. Socrates is puzzled by this; it seems to him that if Ion has an art, or skill, of reciting poetry he should be able to apply his skilled knowledge to other poets as well. He concludes that Ion doesn’t really possess skilled knowledge. Rather, when he recites Homer, he must be inspired by a god. The Ion drips with sarcasm. Plato didn’t take the â€Å"art by divine inspiration† theory very seriously. But many ancient, medieval, and modern artists and aestheticians have found it irresistible.

Critical Response Paper

The development of political thought was always close-knit with the author’s epoch and regime of governance he lived under; however, in spite of the ethical and technological limitations, associated with the temporal factor, the majority of political scientists sought to build a universalized framework of justice and legitimate state power.John Rawls is distinguished for his positivist, or â€Å"realistic utopian† approach to justice and principles of peaceful coexistence among individuals as well as peace between government and population. However, the proportion of utopianism is much higher in his writings, as compared to the realism ratio, given that he fails to address the challenges, related to diversity and class inequality which are dominating the modern North American society.First of all, it is important to pay attention to Rawls’s dynamic and positivistic model of justice. According to the article, instead of seeking the ideal of justice beyond the exis ting order of affairs, the scholar tries to enable reasonable and gradual improvements of the internal structure and situation: â€Å"We can see this idea through the rather well-worn metaphor of the difference between the efforts needed to fix a boat that is at sea one plank at a time rather than trying to rebuild it from scratch. Generally speaking, it makes more sense to engage the first sort of repair job than a complete rebuild† (Mini-lecture, p.4).Interestingly, the author focuses predominantly on the strong points of the current ideas of justice as articulated both in legal terms and through societal behaviours.However, this task might appear extremely challenging given the focus of diversity in most European and North American policies. Diversity is a delicate issue, since there is a number of conflicts among beliefs, interests and practices, underlying each cultural or social group. Obtaining true impartiality also turns into a difficult task, as the society, which l acks uniformity in certain vital political issues, is likely to encourage its groups to perceive and assess the objective reality from the intragroup value system; as a result, such judgments can seem neither objective nor neutral.According to the article, â€Å"He does not propose a vision of justice that would stretch our character too and tries to build a theory that is responsive to our current conditions† (Mini-lecture, p.5).However, taking into consideration the above provided chain of reasoning, one can assume that the existing disproportion and divergence of political values will inevitably result in the necessity of â€Å"stretching† the philosophies or ideologies of certain minority groups, either religious or cultural. However, for the purpose of maintaining/ establishing social cohesion, this step can be justified, since the vast majority is likely to benefit from it.This excessive pluralism is partially addressed in the reading: â€Å"Bearing this point i n mind, he tries to find a way to build an impartial model for deliberating about principles of justice that everyone can reasonably be expected to endorse despite holding different religious and moral views† (Mini-lecture, p.5).The statement is quite abstractive, whereas the particular scenarios of its realization point to the existence of disparities in core values of each group. For instance, in the United States, there are several large Muslim communities, whose polity greatly resembles the lifestyles of Middle Asian societies. The U.S.-based communities might engage with political activity and unite into a faction, requiring, for instance, the cancellation of women’s right to take certain jobs, and referring to the fact that the existing state-of-art offends their vision of gender morality.Surprisingly, this faction might be supported by other political groups, which also share this view on gender equality – as a result, the society might be torn by the deba te over the true justice. As one can notice, the representation of the core values of liberty might be uneven in our society, so both federal and state legislations necessarily challenge the beliefs of a certain minority.  Furthermore, Rawls’s concept of justice and stability is quite unrealistic, since it provides an abstractive picture, barely imaginable in the current world. According to the political philosophy article, â€Å"His core insight is that a stable and enduring society is one that is also just, that is, where citizens are considered to be free and equal. More importantly, citizens have to be able to see themselves and each other as free and equal† (Mini-lecture, p.6).However, inequality is inescapable, it is often referred to as an engine of social and political development, which motivates individuals to participate in political processes. The true equality, as articulated in the paper, consists in people’s outlooks and convictions, yet the for mation of â€Å"equality beliefs† is normally realized only partly, since there still exist economic, social, regional, gender and age boundaries which make people feel underprivileged or superior.In this sense, Rawls refers to Kant and observes that the greatest political ideas were realized from the personal to the public, i.e. if an individual considers certain pattern ‘fair’, this pattern is likely to appear to be ‘fair’ in the whole society.However, this logic of reasoning fails to take into consideration the fact that the idea of equality was first born in autocratic societies, bearing much higher uniformity within its aristocratic and power circles, as compared to the modern Western world. Given that Rawls himself states that the relevance of political ideas depends on temporal and spatial (regional) factors, so the ideas of liberty and equality, which existed in the ancient world and Enlightenment society, are not fully suitable in the modern North American society.Thus, given that the author implies a positivist approach o the development of political values and proposes that they be formulated â€Å"from within†, Rawls should have also looked closely at specific cases and considered the workability of his perspective in real macrogroup situations.Reference listMini-Lecture. A Brief Introduction to Rawls’s Project, pp.1-10.

What will be will be essays

What will be will be essays Sophocles is sending the message, whatever is destined to happen will happen. There is no getting around it. There is nothing you can do to prevent that which has been ordained by the gods. After all, they are immortal and we are mortal. In the other books we read this course this theme is prevalent. In the Odyssey, it is Odysseuss fate to return home after 10 years of war and ten years of wandering. He has many brushes with death, he lost his entire crew, and his ship but he is still destined to get home. When we were reading the Metamorphoses I remember making the statement If the goddesss fall in love with you, your doomed. There was no way of evading their advances. You can run away from fate, but you can not evade it forever. Sophocles takes fate to a different level. He shows the futility of trying to alter fate. This fact is clearly understood in this story. At his birth it was ordained that Oedipus would kill his father and marry his mother. The oracle of Apollo declared the omen, and thats all there was to it. Surely Oedipus, a new born baby was totally innocent. At this point it was nothing that Oedipus had done to justify such a tragedy. However that is what fate is. His parents, King Lauis and Queen Jocasta tryed to stop the prophecy from coming to past. What could they do? They didnt want to kill the baby. How could any sane person kill their own child. If they committed that act, and took the childs life, do you think this would have prevented the They sought an alternate solution to thwart the gods. Oedipuss feet was rivetted and he was abandoned at a mountainside and left to die. Fate rears its head again, or shall I say the gods intervened: the shepherd disregard his instructions to abandon the baby. He gives the child to ...

Mesozoic Era - the Geologic Time Scale

Mesozoic Era - the Geologic Time Scale Following both the Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic Era on the Geologic Time Scale came the Mesozoic Era. The Mesozoic Era is sometimes called the age of the dinosaurs because dinosaurs were the dominant animals for much of the era. The Permian Extinction After the Permian Extinction wiped out over 95% of ocean-dwelling species and 70% of land species, the new Mesozoic Era began about 250 million years ago. The first period of the era was called the Triassic Period. The first big change was seen in the types of plants that dominated the land. Most of the species of plants that survived the Permian Extinction were plants that had enclosed seeds, like gymnosperms. The Paleozoic Era Since most of the life in the oceans became extinct at the end of the Paleozoic Era, many new species emerged as dominant. New types of corals appeared, along with water-dwelling reptiles. Very few types of fish remained after the mass extinction, but those that did survive flourished. On land, the amphibians and small reptiles like turtles were dominant during the early Triassic Period. By the end of the period, small dinosaurs began to emerge. The Jurassic Period After the end of the Triassic Period, the Jurassic Period began. Most of the marine life in the Jurassic Period stayed the same as it was in the Triassic Period. There were a few more species of fish that appeared, and toward the end of the period, crocodiles came into being. The most diversity occurred in plankton species. Land Animals Land animals during the Jurassic Period had more diversity. Dinosaurs got much bigger and the herbivorous dinosaurs ruled the Earth. At the end of the Jurassic Period, birds evolved from dinosaurs. The climate changed to more tropical weather with a lot of rain and humidity during the Jurassic Period. This allowed land plants to undergo a large evolution. In fact, jungles covered much of the land with many conifers in higher elevations. The Mesozoic Era The last of the periods within the Mesozoic Era was called the Cretaceous Period. The Cretaceous Period saw the rise of flowering plants on land. They were helped along by the newly formed bee species and the warm and tropical climate. Conifers were still really abundant throughout the Cretaceous Period as well. The Cretaceous Period   As for marine animals during the Cretaceous Period, sharks and rays became commonplace. The echinoderms that survived the Permian Extinction, like starfish, also became abundant during the Cretaceous Period. On land, the first small mammals started to appear during the Cretaceous Period. Marsupials evolved first, and then other mammals. More birds evolved, and reptiles got bigger. Dinosaurs were still dominant, and carnivorous dinosaurs were more prevalent. Another Mass Extinction At the end of the Cretaceous Period, and the end of the Mesozoic Era came another mass extinction. This extinction is generally called the K-T Extinction. The K comes from the German abbreviation for Cretaceous, and the T is from the next period on the Geologic Time Scale - the Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era. This extinction took out all dinosaurs, except birds, and many other forms of life on Earth. There are different ideas as to why this mass extinction occurred. Most scientists agree it was some sort of catastrophic event that caused this extinction. Various hypotheses include massive volcanic eruptions that shot dust into the air and caused less sunlight to reach the surface of the Earth causing photosynthetic organisms like plants and those who depended on them, to die off slowly. Some others believe a meteor hit causing the dust to block the sunlight. Since plants and animals that ate plants died off, this caused top predators like carnivorous dinosaurs to also perish.

Energy Sources of the Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Energy Sources of the Future - Essay Example Three of these include solar power, wind power and biomass. Solar Power Solar power, or solar energy, is a viable alternative to fossil fuels. Solar power comes from the sun through the use of solar panels that contain solar or photovoltaic cells. In fact, one square meter of solar panel can generate as much as 100 watts of electricity (â€Å"Solar Power†). Once used only to power satellites, the solar panel is now used to generate power for houses and companies. Aside from the use of solar panels, solar power can also be used to heat water using glass panels on the roof. This powers up the home’s central heating system (â€Å"Solar Power†). Moreover, a third type of machine that utilizes solar power is a solar furnace. The huge array of mirrors in a solar furnace is used to concentrate all the sunlight into a small space in order to produce an extremely high temperature of heat. Solar furnaces may be used for scientific experiments. There are also solar-powered electric boats and solar towers. (â€Å"Solar Power†) On the subject of availability and renewability, solar power may be advantageous as it basically â€Å"needs no fuel† and is renewable as long as the sun shines (â€Å"Solar Power†). ... Even if only 2.5% of this radiation is converted into electricity, it would be enough for the total energy consumption of the whole nation in a year (Zweibel et al., University of Colorado). Another related development in the utilization of solar energy is the very recent invention of the nanocone-based solar cell. This particular type of solar cell, which boosts the light conversion efficiency of traditional solar cells by a whopping 80%, is in fact a result of the â€Å"minimization of defects and voids in semiconductors† (â€Å"New Solar Cell,† ScienceDaily). This property alone enhances electric and optical properties of the solar cell in order to convert sunlight to electric power more efficiently, thus increasing its availability while maximizing its utilization. Perhaps the only disadvantage of solar power is that, unless stored, it does not work at night and may be very expensive to build. (â€Å"Solar Power†) When it comes to environmental impact, solar power does not produce any pollution or waste (â€Å"Solar Power†). According to the Union of Concerned Scientists in the United States, primary environmental issues associated with solar power concerns only â€Å"how [solar power systems] are manufactured, installed, and ultimately disposed of† (â€Å"Environmental Impacts,† UCSUSA.org). Arsenic, silicon and cadmium are the major elements used in the manufacture of photovoltaic cells and are therefore hazardous to workers and anyone else who comes in contact with the solar panels. Safety regulations should therefore be strictly kept. Moreover, solar-thermal plants require cooling water, which may be costly or scarce in the southwest United States where the area is more

Health Effect of Antibacterial Products Coursework

Health Effect of Antibacterial Products - Coursework Example From this discussion it is clear that the utilization of antibacterial and antibiotic products has its advantages. For instance, a prolonged use of antibacterial products can lead to a number of issues. As implied earlier, prolonged use of such products may interfere with the natural body flora. There exist some microorganisms that naturally inhabit our bodies in large numbers. However, prolonged use of antibacterial and antibiotic products tempers with their optimal levels and at times wipe them out. Such a situation leaves the host (human) susceptible to infections due to suppressed immunity system. Worse still, diminished microbiome levels cause the immunity to attack harmless substances. As a result, allergies and autoimmune disorders such as arthritis and asthma set in.This paper discusses that gut flora impacts health in many ways. Studies have shown a correlation between the gut flora and weight. Obese people have relatively less gut flora. Also, when â€Å"good† bacter ia feed on some foods such as beef and eggs, they produce a compound that boosts the risk of heart diseases. Such knowledge forms the basis of advising people to reduce high cholesterol food intakes. Furthermore, the interaction between body cells and gut bacteria plays a significant role in the development of a fully functional immune system.  Surely, the utilization of antibacterial products serves the purpose in the short-run.  

Group Dynamics Negotiation Resolution and Conflict Essay

Group Dynamics Negotiation Resolution and Conflict - Essay Example This can only be accomplished through facing up to conflicts and addressing them, rather than steering clear of them. In one situation, there happened to arise a conflict between the management and a group of workers in a food production company. This mainly arose due to the employment terms whereby the full time employees felt that the part time employees were favored by being paid $3 more per hour while working during odd hours. The full time workers were engaged for six hours per day and were entitled to employment benefits that are required by the law. This was not applied for part time workers who only worked for 3 hours in the evening (Russett 2007). This caused a conflict that led to dissatisfaction amongst the full time employees, lowering the organizational productivity. The goal of the employees was that their hourly rates be equal to that of part time workers, while the management felt that the rationale behind the arrangement was the fact that there were differences in the employment benefits entitled to the workers. Under the prevailing conditions both parties had to find a solution since they were mutually dependent in the work place. The management had to maintain the organization’s profitability while the workers needed to maintain their job for their welfare. Group dynamics would have affected the outcome due to differences in opinion if they could not have been addressed. The tactics used by the negotiators were focused on addressing these differences in order for both parties to understand each other’s point of view. Each party went over their views and the disagreement was clear for both of them. The management began by explaining the rationale behind setting up differences in the terms of employment for the part time and full time workers. It also suggested the plans that were being developed in order to improve the working conditions of the workers, which included an extension of the paid

Research On Management At Pak N Save New Zealand Business Essay

Research On Management At Pak N Save New Zealand Business Essay The main purpose of the research report on PaknSave Group is that it is the demand of the subject. It will help us to gain vast knowledge about this particular organization. As well as we also come to know that what are the necessities and responsibilities to run a business. We will also get an Analysis of the Organization and Management in PaknSave Group. In this research report mainly we come to know the purpose of organization and roles of the management regarding that particular organization. We will understand the various management philosophies, management practices, influences of environment (internal and external) and application of change management theories. Paknsave is a New Zealand discount supermarket chain owned by the Foodstuffs cooperative. Founded in 1985, PaknSave was the last of the five current major New Zealand supermarkets (Countdown, Food town, New World, PaknSave, and Woolworths) to be founded. As of December 2009, there are 45 PaknSave stores operating across the North and South Islands of New Zealand. PaknSaves key policy is to provide everyday food and groceries at low prices. Stores are large and have a no-frills environment, often with unlined interiors and concrete floors. Customers are also asked to pack their own bags, and charged for plastic bags in most stores. Source (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakn_Save) Every day paknsave group aim to make a difference to peoples lives by making the desirable affordable. paknsave group will continue to make Clear improvements in product quality and choice for our customers but, at the same time, paknsave group will always remain true to our core value proposition of delivering bargain prices. The organizational structures of Pakn save http://uniexgh.com/images/organogram.gif In organizational structure of Pakn save there is interaction model. There is chief executive, foreign divisions and coordinator of SP at the top level. At the middle there is director of admin and HR and chief operator and chief finance officer who control operations of company. Then there are general managers in each department. At the below level there is team members and factory managers. Due to transaction model the bottom level people cannot share their information and problems directly with the top level employees. For example if Gen managers in operation want to share some informations of below level they will talk to chief operations officer. He cannot speak to C.E.O directly. There are four departments in Pakn save the admin and HR department, operations department, and consulting and finance department. Below it there are senior and assistant managers. Below it there is team leaders and workers. This is centralized organization everyone has to report to the head office onl ine. If there is any information then head office provides to every store. It is a formal organization. All the operations like timing, relate to stoke, sales and customer services control by head office. Every employee has to work according to companys rules and regulations. Store managers cannot change anything related to their stores by themselves. Purpose of pakn save The name probably originates from the cost-saving practice of requiring that customers pack their own groceries. Pak n Save provides the cardboard boxes used for shipping products to the store, or plastic supermarket bags can be purchased at the checkout for 10 cents at North Island stores. South Island stores charge customers 5 cents per plastic bag. Customers are encouraged to purchase longer-lasting bags or to bring their own. The stores are laid out as supermarket aisles, but with minimalistic design. Extra products that are not on shelves are stacked above the shelves on the pallets they were delivered in. This means that the floor space can be used for retail and storage. The stores are supplied daily from their co-operative distributor Foodstuffs. Pak n Save stores often buy stock in bulk. This process means that stores dont offer a wide variety of products as full-service supermarkets a Consumer magazine survey noticed this especially in the pet food and toilet paper categories Some stores have self checkout self scanning facilities, where the customer scans each item as they put it in their shopping cart trolley. This reduces waiting time at the checkout, as payment is the only thing that occurs (apart from random re-scans). Conventional checkout operator scanning is also available. Pakn save management roles and skills PAKnSAVE follows a Food format unique to New Zealand supermarket shopping. They buy and stock a range of everyday basic products in bulk, and because we can do this in such large volumes it means that they can pass the savings on to customers, in the form of New Zealands lowest overall food prices. Customers will always find great specials in store they pride themselves on getting the best deals by taking advantage of opportunities to negotiate in the marketplace. They are also working hard every day to reduce costs in store so customers will find that their plain style stores have no fancy floor coverings, extravagant shelving or expensive lighting. In paknsave, they offer a practical and functional environment with wide aisles, where the grocery items are stacked on the shelf in their boxes so that its easy to shop, and there are lots of checkouts to get customers on their way as quickly as possible. Pakn save company does ask customers to pack customers own groceries, as they know that customers dont want to pay for any extras hidden in the price of the goods. Because pakn save reduce their costs by these methods, they can pass the savings directly on to clients, without reducing the quality of the products what they offer. Customers only need to check out pakn saves fresh food departments to find great quality fruit and vegetables, meat, seafood, deli and bakery items, all at competitively low prices. For your convenience, some PAKnSAVE stores have fuel pumps located on-site. When you buy groceries at these stores you receive discounts on every liter of fuel that you purchase from PAKnSAVE Fuel. The value of your discount is tied to the amount you spend in store so the more you spend, the more you save! At the moment, PAKnSAVE Fuel is only available at the following stores in the region: Botany Downs, Manukau,, Pukekohe and Lincoln North. Problems faced by paknsave and their solutions Paknsave has to face 2 types problems:- Structured :- Those problems which have already decided or definite solution is known as structured problems. For e.g. the problems regarding customer complaints and reduction in product rates already have some solutions. Unstructured: Those problems which have an uncertainty and no definite format for the solution is known as unstructured problems. For e.g competition of market Problems Pakn Saves main competitors are stores owned by Progressive Enterprises, a division of Australian company Woolworths Limited. The main competitor is full-service discount chain Countdown, and to a lesser extent, Food town and Woolworths. Pakn Save also faces a small amount of competition from Foodstuffs full-service supermarket, New World. Problems are as followings- Structured- Customer complaints. Damaged products. Arrange products according to customer needs. More staff required during busy period. Unstructured- The first problem that organization is facing is that tax is increased so that firm is found very hard to keep its promise of lowest prices. This company is not selling all the food products that we need. People can see many things have charges which are lower than Pakn save products. People find some goods have lower find nearby small shops. How organization might make decisions. Brainstorming is a method of extracting a large number of ideas within a formal setting.The key features are as follows- All the staff is drawn from the team.There is a chairperson and a note maker who makes the note of the whole ideas given. Management Philosophies and practices of Paknsave groups: Task focus: Various tasks- The management has various tasks to focus on. The Management needs to decide that what tasks needs to be done in between a specific period of time. This helps the management o make easy to achieve the goal. It also helps the management to make follow on the rules and policies. People: Recruitment training performance appraisal- It all includes the hiring of new staff. This all can be known as recruitment. Some people on job give more preference in building relations with other workers or people but some people gives more preference to achieving the targets and goals of the company. People orientation (Relationship with people) Task orientation (Target achievement) Efficiency and effectiveness: The main factors on which the efficiency and effectiveness of the paknsave depends are as following: Location: The location of a paknsave plays a very important role in its efficiency. It should be situated on well localized place. So that people have not to face any type of problem while reaching there. Workforce: Most of the success of any business depends upon the workforce of the organization that how effective all the workers do their work at their positions. Same things implement here in paknsave group. Quality of products: If the quality of products in the paknsave would be admirable then everybody try to get stuff from here. Impact of internal and external environment: Internal environments influences: People:Customer satisfaction: All profits of a company/organization depend on the satisfaction of customers. If customers will be satisfied with the products of the company then it will enhance the sales and if sales will increase then it will also raise productivity as well as as employment. Eventually profit will automatically increased by these factors, same thing implement on Paknsave group. System:Quality: customer will only feel satisfied if the quality of the product will be reasonable. So this is also a core factors for the success of Paknsave group. People:Staff turnover: it is also a countable factor for the development of business. If this problem occurs in Paknsave group then it will lead this business to loss of productivity, as new staff will take some time to get up to speed, particularly in complex jobs. As well as customer dissatisfaction will also occur. The influence of PESTEL forces on Pakn save Economic effect 1) Food stuffs in New Zealands largest retail organisation and the second largest commercial organisation by revenue in New Zealand. Due to recession they are still employed employing more than 30,000 people nationwide. But due to recession it is going to be reducing in future. 2) Due to inflation because inflation is increased there is effect on consumer goods. So the prices is going to be increased but Paknsave prices is still lower than other retail stores .But due to great effect of inflation on the food products ,now Paknsave is going to lose their customers too. Environmental effects Pakn save constantly strive to serve the community better. It understand the needs of our customers, and are big supporters of their local communities through various environmental and community initiatives. 1.) Foodstuffs South Island is very disappointed to advise that due to the severe nature of the damage which has resulted from the earthquake, New World Kakapo will not be re-opening and will need to be re-built. Understandably, this is an incredibly distressing time for the local owners, 2) Andrew and Jacqui Palmer, and their staff. The supermarket currently has 34 full time and 52 part time staff employed who will all be affected. 3) After the earthquake in Christchurch Pakn save reduces their prices more than before but government is not going to reduce its taxes so they have to reduce their profit. But it is just for short time. 4) They said if NZ government reduces tax on consumer goods then they can be able to give extra advantages to people about quality and price. Technological effect The new $70 million Foodstuffs Wellington dry grocery distribution centre in Palmerton North is a smart operation that makes clever use of next-generation computer technology. By online shopping customers use to buy things .By using these technology sales of Pakn save is increasing. Now people do not have need to go out .they can give order for things online. Now Pakn save delivers goods at their customers home. That is way customers can save their fuel and time. Now new machine of packaging are established .So people can pack their own things very quickly and efficiently. Its automated system for handling small grocery items has already doubled productivity in what has traditionally been the most time-consuming operation of Foodstuffs warehousing. Operations Group General Manager David Cooper says the distribution centre, which began operating in January, has been designed to meet the current demands and future expansion of Foodstuffs Wellington Cooperative Society. The distribution centre on the corner of Roberts Line and Railway Road is huge. People are dwarfed by the size of the place which is the largest in Palmerton North and one of the biggest in the country south of Auckland. Inside the building, the feature that rivets the eye is the huge complex that dominates the central area. This is Foodstuffs automated picking system (APS). The 10-metre tall, steel lattice storage system for loose groceries is a computer-operated machine that was designed and installed by Australasian logistics solutions company, Dalmatic. High speed intelligent cranes are installed between each row of racks and they zoom in and out at high speed. They pick up totes from conveyor belts to store them and retrieve others for delivery to work stations. Legal influence By increasing the GST tax by 15% PaknSave has to increase its price rate in future. But Pakn save has to lose its customer. But Paknsave is not going to increase its price. It has to reduce its profit. Government also provide subsidy to some food products It will enjoy by people and services is provided by Pakn save. Socio-cultural Effect With changes of life style of people, people want products with cleanness. Pacs save provided products with cleanness and also provided wholesale prices .so people like to buy more products from that place. Paks save also changes its infrastructure and interior decoration according to customers .So that customers can visit more to Pak n save. Generally people spend more on Christmas days .So Paknsave also provides saving accounts offers to their customers so that customers can save more two months before for their shopping at Pak n save account. By this Paknsave will be going to open a account of their customers So that they can buy more at less money. Paknsave brands have been designed and developed over the years to best meet our customers various needs whether its for the weeks big shop At PAKnSAVE; shopping for that special dinner party at New World, or picking up essentials from your local, neighbourhood Four Square store. Source ( http://www.paknsave.co.nz/AboutUS/) Application of change management frameworks: Mostly these retail industries hire those workers who are inexperienced and not have enough skills to work in this particular job which create problems while dealing with customers. So, it should be change. Before hiring any worker a test or interview should be must. In accordance with Levins theory an organization has to overcome 3 stages of change which are: 1. Unfreezing 2. Change 3. Refreezing Source- While making this change firstly paknsave has to stop following old procedures regarding recruitment procedures. In next step they should start new training programmers so that they can make their work more efficient and applicable. In the last step warehouse will have to apply this change on the company. (Mind Tools, 2007; Syque, 2007) In accordance with Kotters Eight Step Model an organization has to overcome 8 steps which are: Source: The main reason of this change regarding recruitment procedure is that it is affecting the sales and profit of the paknsave because it doesnt have effective workers. For setting new rules and regulations a team is must which involves those workers who can plan and set these goals effectively. Then this team should set some goals for the better future of the company. Afterwards, this change should be tell to the all workers so that they can understand the need of change and follow the vision which is set up by team. After that the team should be given the authority to implement this change on paknsave. A short term survey is must so that they can know the output of the company after the implementation of new procedure. At last this change should made permanent if it works efficiently(Chapman, 2006).

The Death Penalty Debate Essay -- capital punishment, 2015

"The death penalty issue is obviously a divisive one. But whether one is for or against, you can not deny the basic illogic - if we know the system is flawed, if we know there are innocent people on Death Row, then until the system is reformed, should we not abandon the death penalty to protect those who are innocent?" --Richard LaGravenese In the United States the death penalty is used as a punishment for capital offenses. These specifically can vary from state to state, but commonly include first-degree murder, murder with special circumstances, rape with additional bodily harm, and the federal crime of treason. (Facts) The goal of the death penalty then, is to deter these crimes from even taking place, to be so feared that offenders think twice about committing such horrible crimes. But does it? In the following paper, the above question will attempt to be answered by looking at the background of capital punishment and the death penalty, the ideas behind it, viable alternatives, and finally, the effectiveness of the death penalty at deterring crime. Early death penalty laws date back to the Eighteenth Century B.C.. The death penalty also had a heavy presence in the Fourteenth Century Hittite Code, the Seventh Century Draconian Code of Athens, and the Fifth Century Roman Law of the Twelve Tablets. (History, 1) Today, thirty-four states in the United States of America still practice the death penalty as a means of punishment for capital offenses and heinous crimes. The death penalty debate is one that Americans are no strangers to; it has been abolished and repealed numerous times throughout our history. Two of the first influential cases dates back to 1968, US v. Jackson and Witherspoon v. Illinois. In each ... ...1. "Facts About the Death Penalty." The Death Penalty Information Center. 16 July 2011. Web. 19 Oct. 2011. "History of the Death Penalty." Death Penalty Information Center. Web. 18 Nov. 2011. Kovandzic, Tomislav V., Lynne M. Vieraitis, and Denise Paquette Boots. "Does the death penalty save lives?." Criminology & Public Policy 8.4 (2009): 803-843. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Oct. 2011. "International Standards on the Death Penalty | Amnesty International." Amnesty International. Amnesty International, 1 Jan. 2006. Web. 23 Oct. 2011. "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights." Welcome to the United Nations: It's Your World. Web. 18 Oct. 2011 "In U.S., Support for Death Penalty Falls to 39-Year Low." Gallup.Com - Daily News, Polls, Public Opinion on Government, Politics, Economics, Management. 13 Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Oct. 2011

Imagery in the plays Oedipus Rex and Othello Essay

In any literature, themes and images play an important role in the reader’s understanding of what the literature would be discussing. Some images and symbols have universal meanings and these help readers relate the meaning of these images with the theme of a specific literature (Blue 2001). In many known literature, images and symbols are known to be the central theme of the story. The plays Othello and Oedipus Rex evidently make use of recurring images to reveal the central theme of the play. Oedipus Rex reveals blindness as a recurring symbol throughout the play. Usually, the Greeks associate clear vision to wisdom and insight (SparkNotes Editors. ). But in the story of Oedipus Rex, blindness is the main reference to the theme of the play. The image of blindness is famously associated to the scene when Oedipus blinds himself at the end of the play. The reason why he blinded himself is revealed in the lines: â€Å"You, you’ll see no more the pain I suffered, all the pain I caused! Too long you looked on the ones you never should have seen, blind to the ones you longed to see, to know! Blind from this hour on! Blind in the darkness-blind! †(â€Å"Shows†). It is through these lines of Oedipus that readers see that the reason he blinded himself is because his eyes served primarily as the one that deceived him from all the truth about his past. This blindness could also mean his blindness from the truth for so long (â€Å"Novel Guide†). Though blindness is often associated with the character of Oedipus, there is also another character to whom the image of blindness is depicted. This is seen through the character of Tiresias, a blind prophet. Though Tiresias is literally blind, he could see farther than others can (SparkNotes Editors). He is said to see beyond what others can see because even though he is blind he sees the truth about Oedipus. But Oedipus does not believe Tiresias and Tiresias reveals to Oedipus what he knows about his past: â€Å"So, you mock my blindness? Let me tell you this. You with your precious eyes, you’re blind to the corruption of your life, to the house you live in, those you live with-who are your parents? Do you know? All unknowing you are the scourge of your own flesh and blood, the dead below the earth and the living here above, and the double lash of your mother and your father’s curse will whip you from this land one day, their footfall treading you down in terror, darkness shrouding your eyes that now can see the light! †(â€Å"Novel Guide†). These lines of Tiresias show that even though he is physically blind, he sees the truth, unlike Oedipus though he sees â€Å"light† he is blinded by the darkness that surrounds the truth about his identity. The image of darkness and blindness as opposed to sight and light could be seen through Oedipus and Tiresias. Literally, the prophet Tiresias is blind and has been seeing the dark for so long, but though he is blind he â€Å"sees† the truth about the true identity of Oedipus (â€Å"GradeSaver†). As for Oedipus, he only truly â€Å"sees† or gains sight after knowing the truth about his past (â€Å"GradeSaver†). This enlightenment leaves Oedipus to blind himself because he could not face his family after knowing all about his past (â€Å"Study Guides and Teacher Resources†). Therefore the person that before sees the light now sees darkness because he was blinded by the truth. The recurring images of darkness and blindness are used in the play not only for the development of the readers’ understanding of the play, but also as a means of foreshadowing the tragedy that is about to come to Oedipus’s life because of his â€Å"blindness† to the truth which ironically in the end, results to his physical blindness. Truly, these images served a high purpose in letting the readers figure out the fundamental idea that is depicted throughout the play. The play Oedipus Rex makes use of the recurring images of blindness and darkness and light and sight and reveals that the theme of the whole story revolves around these images. The main theme is focused on one image that is used in this play, and that is blindness. This blindness does not necessarily mean physical blindness, rather it means being blind and ignoring the truth (SparkNotes Editors). This is seen through the blindness of Oedipus of the truth that he was the one who killed his own father, married his own mother and had a child that eventually became his siblings. He blinds himself from all these truths and pretends that he does not recognize what that has already been presented to him by the prophet Tiresias (SparkNotes Editors). This willingness of Oedipus to accept the awful truth about his past is the play’s overall theme. The recurring images of blindness shown by the characters and the exchange of lines among the characters served as a connection for readers to figure out the theme of the play. Aside from Oedipus Rex, Othello is another play that makes use of recurring images to let the readers immediately know its overall theme. Othello makes use of animals and monsters as images and metaphors to convey further understanding of the play. Animals are usually used by the characters in the play to compare their feelings and their views about a person or a situation. Monsters or beastly images are usually used in Iago’s speeches. In one line, he enrages Brabantio when he says that his â€Å"daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs. † Iago makes use of the monster imagery of fornication to let Brabantio arouse his feeling of anger (Laymopun). It could be seen here that the use of the image of a beast to compare with a human being could bring about a strong emotional response from the other characters in the play and makes it more effective. Another use of monster or beastly image by Iago is seen in his soliloquy: â€Å"It is engendered. Hell and night / Must bring this monstrous birth to the world’s light. † Here, the image of giving birth to a monster is used as a metaphor to portray the birth of Iago’s evil plot (Laymopun). Here, it could be seen that the use of the image of a monster or a beast is associated with being evil; in this case, the evil becoming of Iago. Not only do monsters and beastly images appear in Othello, animal images are also used by the characters. Othello is the one that makes more use of animal imagery. Some of his lines such as: â€Å"exchange me for a goat,† and â€Å"I’d rather be a toad! † evidently makes use of animals such as goat and toad to say that he despises the act of being jealous (â€Å"Example Essays†). He also makes use of these animals as imagery when he was convinced that his wife was unfaithful. Being convinced that his wife was really unfaithful he loses control, saying: â€Å"goats and monkeys† (123HelpMe. com). Othello made use of the animals such as goats and monkeys because traditionally these animals are considered lustful (123HelpMe. com). Here, it can be seen that Othello made use of such animals to compare his wife to these animals and to show how he sees his wife and how he views things, especially jealousy. It is not only Othello that makes use of animal imagery, Iago also made use of such animal images to address Othello. In one part, Iago addresses Othello as â€Å"Barbary horse† and â€Å"old black ram† (SparkNotes Editors). Here, Iago makes use of animals to reflect how he sees Othello. Specifically, the â€Å"old black ram† does not only compare to Othello but is also one of the themes that is dominant in this play, that is, race (SparkNotes Editors). In the line â€Å"old black ram†, it is specified that Othello is black and Iago makes sure to include the â€Å"black† to the animal image to see which race Othello belongs to. It is through this that the relationship of the images with the theme of the play could be clearly seen. The theme of Othello could clearly be seen and understood through the use of animal and monster images. The use of the image of monsters imply that the fundamental idea that this play is presenting is the evil side of a person. This could be concluded because Iago often makes use of the monster or beastly image to refer to an act that is evil. It could also be seen that most animal images are used to refer to something negative. The idea of jealousy, infidelity, and corruption creates a negative and an evil atmosphere which shows the fundamental theme of the play (â€Å"GradeSaver†). Aside from the evil theme seen through animal and monster imagery, race is also another theme discussed in this play. It is mentioned earlier that Iago’s address to Othello as an â€Å"old black ram† shows not only the imagery of an animal but also how race was an issue in this play. It shows the contrast between the blacks and the whites through the character of Othello and that of the Venetian society (123HelpMe. com). Aside from the animal imagery of Othello as â€Å"an old black ram†, he is also referred to as â€Å"far more fair than black†. Both shows how Othello is always viewed with reference to the color of his skin and that even though he holds the position of a general, it still could not be ignored that he is black and the color of his skin still makes him an outcast in the Venetian society dominated by whites (123HelpMe. com). Here, the theme of race and the issue between the blacks and the whites, are clearly presented by using animal images. The use of animal and monstrous imagery by Shakespeare makes an impact on the audience by making them recognize the fundamental idea and the tragedy that Iago faces all because of his treachery. The use of imagery to portray the themes evil and race makes it easier for readers to make meaning out of the play Othello. An image in literature is best described as a mere representation of something that is not present (â€Å"Answers. com†). Images are used in literature to present a clear description or portrayal of a character and or a situation (â€Å"Answers. com†). In both plays, recurring images are seen and these images served as an instrument of figuring out the main focus of the entire play. Both Oedipus Rex and Othello make use of images that make it easier for audience and readers alike to explore their fundamental themes. The images used in both plays serve an essential purpose for the readers’ concept development and understanding of the plays. In Oedipus Rex, the image of darkness and blindness as opposed to sight and light is dominantly seen because of the representation of the blind prophet Tiresias who embodies not only blindness but also sight because even though he is physically blind, he â€Å"sees† the truth unlike Oedipus who is physically able to see but is blind about the truth of his past. In Othello, animal and monster or beast images are used so that readers and audience would be able not only to see but also feel its evil atmosphere. Not only do these images portray evil but also the issue the issue between the blacks and the whites. The use of images of animals as compared to persons and to the emotions that the characters have in the play makes it effective not only in addressing its theme but also in letting readers and audiences feel the atmosphere of the play. It is only right to conclude that the images used in both Oedipus Rex and Othello play an important role in the understanding of the theme of the plays. Looking at the relationship of the images and the theme of both plays, it could be said that images play an essential role in forming meaning by the readers. This could be supported by both the plays discussed because of how each image was rendered useful to the formation of meaning and identification of fundamental ideas discussed in both Oedipus Rex and Othello. Works Cited 123HelpMe. com. â€Å"Free College Essays – Use of Imagery in Shakespeare’s Othello†. Web. 06 June 2010 . Answers. com. â€Å"Image: Definition†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Jun 2010. . Blue, Tina. â€Å"Traditional Themes and Motifs in Literature†. 2001. n. pag. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . Example Essays. â€Å"Animal Imagery in Othello†. N. p. , n. d. . Web. 2 Jun 2010. . GradeSaver. â€Å"Oedipus Rex or Oedipus the King Study Guide†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . GradeSaver. â€Å"Othello Study Guide:Major Themes†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . Laymopun. â€Å"Othello: Imagery – TermPaper†. Research Papers and Essays. N. p. , 20 07 2002. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . Novel Guide. â€Å"Oedipus the King: Metaphor Analysis†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . Shows. â€Å"Themes—Oedipus†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jun 2010. . SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on Othello. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 2 Jun. 2010. SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Oedipus Plays. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 2 Jun. 2010. Study Guides and Teacher Resources. â€Å"Oedipus the King Symbolism, Imagery & Allegory†. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jun 2010.